THE ANTI-SENTIMENTAL COMEDY

Paper-2
Title-The Anti-Sentimental Comedy
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2015-2016

NAME                                        :- VALA JYOTSNA TANSHUKHBHAI

SEMESTER                               :- 1(ONE)

ROLL NO.                                 :-  42

TOPIC                                        :- THE ANTI-SENTIMENTAL COMEDY

WORK                                       :- ASSIGNMENT

PAPER                                       :- 2 (two).

SUBMITTED BY                      :-

                               Smt. S.B.Gardi Maharaja Krishnakumar Sinhji, Bhavnagar Uni. Dep. Of Eng.

The Anti-Sentimental Comedy

"she stoops to conquer" As an Anti-sentimental Comedy

Introduction:-

"she stoops to conquer or The mistakes of a Night was written by oliver Goldsmith. He Is famous for his two anti-sentiment comedy.

[1] Good natured man.

[2] she stoopd to conquer.

To know how she stoops to conquer is an anti-sentiment comedy. we must know what is sentimental and anti-sentimental comedy.

sentimental comedy:-

                              The sentimental comedy developed as a reaction against the immoral comedies of the Restoration age. These comedies replaced intrigue as and foppish manners with pathetic heroines distressing situation sincere lovers and honest servants.

                              This form becomes popular in 18th century. is related to our emotions

·      It appeals especially to our feeling of sorrow, pity and compassionate sympathy.

·      It reflected contemporary philosophical conception of human as in herent good but capable of being led astray through bad examples.

·      By an appeal to his noble to his sentiments, a man could be reform and set back on the path of virtue.

·      Richard Steele was pioneer of sentimental comedy and the best known sentimental comedy is

"The Conscious Lover"

In Contrast 'anti-sentimental' comedy

Anti - Sentimental Comedy:-

                              Anti-sentimental comedy is relation against sentimental comedy. The Pioneer of anti-sentimental comedy is Oliver Goldsmith. Who criticized the sentimental comedy in his essay - ' Essay On the theatre  or A comparison between Laughing and sentimental comedy.

                              Oliver Goldsmith writes that the true function of a comedy was to give a humorous exhibition of the follies and vices of men and women and to rectify. them by exciting laughter. goldsmith opposed sentimental comedy, because in place of laughter and distressing situation, pathetic lovers, serious heroine and honest servants.

                              He argued that sentimental comedy was more like tragedy. Then a comedy. If comedy was to trespass upon tragedy where humour will have right to express itself. an two occasions and with unequal success, goldsmith tried to revive sincere langhter an stage.

                              Richard Sheridan also related against sentimental comedy. he ridiculed the sententious moralizing of weeping sentimental comedy in his plays 'The Rivals' And 'The critic'

                              Anti - sentimental comedy is kind of comedy representing complex and sophisticated code of behavior current in fashion circles of society where appearance count more then true moral character. Its plat usually revolves around intrigues of just and greed the self interested cynicism of the character. Being masked by decorous, in these two dramatists comedies.

                              As a result of the reaction of goldsmith and Sheridan, the comedy of sentimental was driven out, gone were the pathos and morality, preaching and meddling sentimentality. Their place was taken by humour and mirth, pleasant dialogues and wit the revival of true comedy in 18th century were henry fielding oliver goldsmith and Richard Sheridan

                              Anti-sentimental comedy takes us from old form of comedy, comedy of manners, which is also called generally for anit-sentimental comedy.

Characteristics of anti-sentimental

Comedy:-

·      It is also called comedy of manner. Anti- sentimental comedy is going to old forms. it is a low force, situations humour. it is high polished in Restoration Comedy.

·      Wit, laughter, farce, irony; verbal situation and dramatic - disguise also called comedy of manners.

·      Generally, it deals with the relations and intrigues of men and women living in sophisticated upper class society. so, it is called comedy of manners. There is also violation of social standards and decorum immortality of situation.

·      comedy of humours or anti sentimental comedy is a pure comedy which generate laughter and not tragic with our emotions. verbal and situational irony Is also characteristic of anti-sentimental comedy.

·      "she stoops to conquers" is one of the best examples of anti-sentimental comedy by oliver goldsmith and follow all the characteristics of anti-sentimental comedy.

"She Stoops to Conquer" as an Anti-Sentimental comedy :-

                              We very well Know that goldsmith is pioneer of anti-sentimental comedy. "she Stoops to conquer" is second play of goldsmith, this comedy published in 1771. And other title like  'The mistakes of a night'

                              The Play practically introduces the reign of humours in comedy.

                              The Entire play with its fun and humours its intrigues and sparking dialogues, its mischievous tricks and roguish attempts by Tony Lumpkin is a direct, blow on the sentimental comedy. A piquant observation, elements of ingenious and new realism, a welling forth of pleasantry that never dries up, and baths even the rare moments when emotion could  rise all go to make this charming comedy an unalloyed source of amusement.

Only Character of Comedy

[1] Charles Marlow

[2] George

[3] Mr. Hardcastle

[4] Mrs. Hardcastle.

[5] Mrs. Hardcastle son of hardcastle

[6] Hardcastle's daughter. Miss hardcastle

[7] Tony Lumpkin

[8] Hostings

[9] Miss Neville

                              And so many characters in this comedy.

                              The principal characters of this comedy are hardcastle who loves everything  that is old; old friends, old time, old manners, old books, old wine. Mrs.Hardcastle, and miss hardcastle, Their daughter, Mrs. hardcastle's son by  farmer marriage, Tony Lumpkin, young Marlow are the chief characters.

                              Tony Lumpkin, a frequenter of the 'three jolly pigeon's is idle and ignorant, but cunning and mischievous, and dated on by his mother and young fellows Marlow is the world one of the most bashful and reserved young fellow in the world except with barmaids and servant girls. his Charles Marlow has proposed a match between young Marlow and Miss Hardcastle. And the young man and his friend, Hastings, accordingly travel down to play the Hardcastle a visit.

                              Losing  their way, they arrive at night at the 'three jolly pigeons' where Tony Lumpkin directs them to a neighbouring inn, which is in reality Hardcastle house.

                              The fun of the play arises largely from the resulting misunderstanding. Marlow treating Hardcastle as the landlord of the supposed inn. and making violent love to Miss Hardcastle whom he takes for one of hiss servants. This contrast with his bashful attitude when presented to her in real characters. The arrival of sir Charles Marlow clear up the Misconception and all ends well. Including subsidiary love affair between Hasting and Miss Neville, Whom Mrs. hardcastle destines, for Tony Lumpkin. At the end when  truth coming to right, everyone happy, sir, Charles and Hasting laugh together ever the confusion young  Marlow in. Marlow arrives to apologies and in the discussions over Miss hardcastle claims he barely talked to her Marlow reveals his truly good  characters and after some discussion, every one agrees to match as per above all are happy and the "Mistakes of a night" Have been Corrected

                              All characters are drawn very well and plat is constructed very well that generate laughter in our mind

                              The Confusion and mentality or the portrait of all characters are very humorous and has many element of laughter in the play. It is a true form of comedy. We can also evaluated it. We love its characters because it is like real and we laugh with them not laugh at them

                              The play is charming one in which the rough edges of the world are ground smooth. in which fouls turn out to be virtues and mistakes to be blessings. Its characters are particularly delightful. Tony Lumpkin is a genuing child of the soil and is sold to be a monitor. Tony is loved by the readers of the comedy for his. pleasant fun and nice jokes. Mr.Hardcastle us another character whom we all like because he loves everything that is old.

                              In 'She stoops to conquer' or 'The Mistake of a night' goldsmith succeds in introducing humour of the finest type. The plat is well-knitted and the characters have everything of comedy about theme The old mawkish sentimentality is driven out and the sense of pathos is sub planted by mirth and delight.

                              It seen as comedy of manners, because in that play comedy arises from gap between the characters  attempts to preserve standards of polite behavior that contracts to their true behavior and set in a polite society.

                              'She stoops to conquer' is also a good satire and force because it is based an multiple misunderstandings. Like Marlow and Hastings believing Hardcasle's house as an inn.

                              Sometimes. 'she stoops to conquer' is compared with the great dramatist shakespeare's comedies. there is also unity of time, place and action - the concept also show in Shakespeare, is also very well described.

                              The Prologue of the play gives the conception of comedy of goldsmith. It is also a directsatire on sentimental comedy. moreover. he explained his ideas about the comic art in the dedication to Samuel Johnson. In the Play. he has ironically attacked through the mouth or his character. as miss Hardcastle observes in act 2nd

                              "Indeed I have often been surprise how a man of sentiment could ever admire those right air pleasures where nothing reaches the heart ".

                              Again Tony Lumpkin says in the same act:

                              "I have often seen her and sister cry over a book for an hours together, and they said they linked the book the better the more it made them cry"

                              That way he attacked, criticized sentimental comedy.

Conclusion:-

'She stoops to conquer' by oliver goldsmith has element of anti-sentimentalism. Goldsmith wanted to criticize sentimental comedy of Richard steel in his contemporary era so. He wrote 'she stoops to conquers' his seconds play better than the first, as an example of humours, comedy of manners. anti-sentimental cimedy.

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CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF DR. FAUSTUS.

2015-2016

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NAME                                      :- VALA JYOTSNA TANSHUKHBHAI

SEMESTER                               :- 1(ONE)

ROLL NO.                                 :-  42

TOPIC                                        :- CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF

                                                   DR. FAUSTUS.

WORK                                       :- ASSIGNMENT

PAPER                                       :- 1 (one)

SUBMITTED BY                      :-, Bhavnagar Uni. Dep. Of Eng.

                               Smt. S.B.Gardi Maharaja Krishnakumar Sinhji

Critical analysis of Dr. Faustus

Introduction

          Marlowe is a most out standing figure amongst the university wits. His importance can be judged from the opinion of many critics that marlow was the model for Shakespeare. Had there beer  no marlow, there would have been no. Shakespeare, Shakespeare learnt from marlow at least two major drwnatic techniques. his "Theory of tragedy"and his 'Black versr". He Learnt the concept of the "Tragic Hero" and " The spiritual Confict" through which the hero passes from marlowe's

          [1] Dr. Faustus

          [2] King Edward II

          Marlowe was the prime creative force in English literature marlowes  heroes confront the fates, they are not the sport of destiny. His Edward II was a model before Shakespeare for his historical plays. " Edward II" was the first complete historical play "Dr. Faustus", is the best example of the blending of the morality play and spiritual tragedy. The tragic lamantation of Dr. Faustus immediately before his, death is an unparalled example. of spiritual conplict in the soul of the tragic hero.

" was this the face, that launched thousand ships, and burnt

the topless tooess of ill sweet Helen make me immortal with at kiss

come Helen come give me my soul again Here will I dwell, for

heaven is in these lips."

Thus marlowe the most powerful member of the university wits laid down the strong foundation on which English drawn was buits on in the ages to come.

          Marlowe's famous for four dramas.

1. Tamburlaine

2. Dr. Faustus

3. The Jew of Malta.

4. Edward II

[Title]

          Although we know it today by its short name doctor Faustus the full title of the play when it was first printed in 1604 was the tragicall historie of doctor Faustus.

          Now consider the title of the chapbook that was marlowe's probable source for his play "the Historie of the damnable life and deserved death of doctor john Faustus ". It is a mouthful right ? It seems that England just kept getting shorter and shooter as time passed and boy are we grateful.

          It should be short, simple and meaningful and suitable for play .

[ Plot and subplot]

          Christopher Marlowe's Famous Play " Doctor Faustus" is by Aristotle's definition a tragedy along with the tragic plot main plot of the play there is a comic, less serious subplot as well. This essay will aid to show how the tragic main plot of doctor Faustus interects with this play's humorous subplot. the relation between the two plot, and how the occurrence of this subplot makes the play even more tragic.

          As a prologue, the chorus tells us what type of play "doctor Faustus". It isn't about war and courtly love, but about Faustus , who was born of lower class parents. This can be seen as different from the medieval tradition. Faustus helds a lower status then kings and saints but his story is still worth telling. It gives an introduction to his wisdom and abilities, most remarkably in wademia, in which he excels so greatly that he is awarded a doctorate. During this opining, we also get our first clue to the source of Faustus's dawnfall. Faustus's tale is compared to the sun and fell to his death when the sun melted his waken wings. This is certainly a hint to Faustus's end as well as bringing to our attention the ideal ofexcessive pride which is represented in the story of Icarus

          In the play doctor Faustus reaches his downfall  because he attempts to reach beyond what he is capable of achieving in the opening of the play, Faustus comments that he has reached the ends of every subject he has studied he appreciated logicas being a tool for arguing; medicineas being unvalued unless it allowed raising the dead immortality; lawas being upstanding and above him divinityas useless because he feels that all humans commit sin, and to have sins punishable by death complicates the logic of Divinity.  He dismisses it as "what doctrine call you this ? que sera, sera", which Spanish for "what will be, shall be".

[Themes]

          Theme's means central idea of the play.

          Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work.

[Sin, Redemption, and Damnation]

          Insofar as doctor Faustus is a Christian play, it deals with the themes at the heart of Christianity understanding of the world. First, there is the idea of sin, which Christianity defines as arts contrary to the will of god. In making a part with Lucifer. Faustus commits what is in a sense the ultimate sin; not only does he disobey god, but he consciously and even eagerly renounces obedience to him, choosing instead to swear allegiance to the devil.

[Pride / Hubris]

          The major theme of Dr. Faustus is the pride which goes before a fall. Faustus sin in not his practice of mearomancy but his denial of god's power and majesty.

·      His pride is the source of his damnation all the other sins committed by him are various aspects of the sin of pride.

·      Even his despair in the last scence of the play is another aspect of his pride because it prevents him.

[Quest for knowledge]

·      He examines all the orthodox branches of knowledge and finds them wanting.

·      He choses magic, for it promises a world of profit and delight of power of honor, of comnipatence.

[Quest for power]

·      A desire to be 'omnipotent' or 'demigod'

·      Faustus power exists more in his imagination than in fact.

·      Faustus power is illusory, since at each stage he depends upon mephistophilis.

·      When He perfomas magic, The audience gets the impression that he is a practical joker or a court entertainer.

[The Divided Nature Of Man]

          Faustus is constantly undecided about whether he should repent and return to god of coutinue to follow his pact with Lucifer. His Internal stuggle goes on Throughout the play as part of him of wants to do good and serve god, but part of him lusts after the power that mephistophilis promises. The good angel and the evil. angel both of whom appear at Faustus's shoulder in order to arge him in different directions, symbolize this struggle. while these angels may be intended as an actual of supernatural beings, they clearly represent Faustus's divided will, which compels Faustus to commit to Mephistophilis but also to question this commitment continually.

[symbol]

          symbolare object, characters figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts.

[Blood]

          Blood plays multiple symbolic roles in the play, when Faustus signs away his soul, he signs in blood, symbolizing the permanent and supernatural nature of this fact. His Blood congeals on the page however, symbolizing, perhaps, his own body's revolt against what he intends to do. Meanwhile christ's blood, which Faustus says he sees running across the sky during his terrible last night, symbolizes the sacrifice that jesus, according to Christian belief made on the cross, this sacrifice opened the way for humankind to repent its sins and be saved Faustus of course, in his proud folly, fails to take this path to salvation.

Faustus's Rejection of the Ancient Authorities

          In Scene 1, Faustus goes through a list of the major fields of human knowledge logic, medicine, law, and theology and cites for each an ancient authority. he then rejects all these figures in favor of magic. This rejection symbolizes Faustus's break with the medieval world, which prized authority above all else, in favor of a more modern spirit of free inquiry in which experimenration and innovation trumps the assertions of greek philosophers and the Bible.

The Good Angel and Evil Angel

          The angles appear at Faustus's shoulder early an in the play the good angel urging him to repent and serve  god, the evil angel urging him to follow his hest for power and serve Lucifer. The two symbolize his divided will, part of which wants to do good and part of which is sunk in sin.

[Conclusion]

          Faustus was indeed a tragic hero. many scholars and literary experts may debate that, because this play was written in the renaissance, Christopher Marlowe intended the Doctor Faustus be seen as a martyr trying to attain that which was forbidden to man in a time when doing so was the noble things to do. To begin with , he feels that he can justify his turning to witchcraft and necromancy by his gaining of all other knowledge. He also is a tragic hero because of his methods of using his new power. Finally, he proved his tragic nature by trying to move above and beyond the limitations set by god himself Faustus knew he had to abide by certain laws and rules that god set aside for all of mankind.

          However, because he was stuborn, ignorant and blind he refused to see that he was never truly damned until he was drug by the devils into the heart of hell itself.
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