Submitted to - S. B. GARDY DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
M.K.BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY.
Name:- Vala Jyotsna Tanshukhbhai
Semester:
- 3
Roll
no: - 33
Enrollment No: - PG15101042
Year:
- 2016-17
Paper
No: -11
Paper
Name: - The Post colonial Literature
Topic:
- A Critical Analysis of ‘Black Skin White Masks’
A Critical Analysis of ‘Black Skin
White Masks’ By Frantz Fanon
Introduction
of the writer:-
Frantz Omar Fanon was born in 20th July, 1925 at
Martinique and died in 6th December 1961- Mary
Land (U.S). He was Afro-Caribbean psychiatrist,
philosopher, and the French writer whose works are
influential in the field of post – colonial studies and
Marxist.
He
wrote his first book “Black Skin White Mask” in
France during 1952. He was a child of a Mulatto.
The Manuscript was the doctoral dissertation,
submitted at Lyon, entitled “Essay on the
Desalination of the Black; the rejection of the
dissertation prompted Fanon to publish it as a book.
His
contribution in literature and criticism are
1). Black Skin White Mask – (1952).
2).
A dying colonialism – (1959).
3).
Wretched of the Earth – (1961).
4).
Toward the African revolution – (1964).
“Black
Skin White Mask”:-
Introduction
:-
Black
Skin White Mask is a sociological study of the
psychology of racism and dehumanization inherent
to colonial domination. Fanon describes that black
people experience in the white world.
Fanon
talk about, self – perception of the black
subject who has lost his native cultural origin, and
embraced country. He also talks about the inferiority
complex in the mind of the black subject.
“ For
the black man there is only one destiny.
And it is white”.
- FANTZ
FANON.
“Black
Skin White Mask” is a book about the
mindset of psychology of racism. The black man
trapped in his blackness, the white man in his
whiteness, both trapped in to their mutual and
aggressive narcissism.
About
Black Skin White Mask : -
The
book is his doctoral thesis, Fanon wrote to get
his degree in psychiatry. This book is worth reading
since Fanon's understanding of
write France recism
in early 1950 and it can also helps to understand
white American racism in the 2010s.
The
book looks at what goes throug the minds of
blacks and whites under
the conditions of white rule
and the strange effects of that in black
people.
The
book is divided in to 8 chapter. In these eight
chapters,Fanon talks
about physiology of white
colonizers and black peoples desire to be
like white
men. He talks about issue of language,marriage
between
white and black people, psychology behind
it, white mindset of
ruling, Black's inequality and
struggle for human existence . He
explains his all
the arguments of psychology with real examples of
his
surrounding.
“Black
Skin White Mask” this book divided in many
chapters, each chapter
has its own importance and
they deals with psychological aspect. It
includes the
condition of black people and their mentality. It also
gives reflection of white people to wards black
people.
Divided
in to 8 parts
1
“The Black man and Language”
2.
‘The Woman of color and The ‘White man’.
3.
The Man of Color and the White Woman
4.
The So-called Dependency Complex of the colonized peoples:
5.
The fact of Blackness
6.
The Negro and Psych
7.
The Negro and Recognition
8.
Way of conclusion.
1
“The Black man and Language” :-
This
chapter deals with the language of white people, the
language of
white people is in center and language of black
people is in
periphery. Black people have to learn the language of
white people.
Colonizer
language means language of intelligent, language of
power feeling
and desire to learn language spoken by Frence man
and experience as a
colonized.
2.
‘The Woman of color and The ‘White man’.
These
woman look down on their own race and deep down want
to be white. He
applied psychoanalytic theory to explain the
feeling of
interdependency and inadequacy that black people
experience in white
world.
That
they divided self perception of the black woman/man has
lost their
native cultural origin. It is because of black woman feel
inferior
that she aspires to gain their entry into white world.
The
effect of white people also touched to the society. Black
woman also wished the white skin which white woman has how
desire of
“Whiteness” is more in the black
woman because of that
many “Fairness Cream”
and their industries grow faster and faster
and idea of
blackness.
3.
The Man of Color and the White Woman
This
chapter deals with the mental condition of black man and
their desire
to be white and whiteness is something goodness.
White
people have rules over black people and they have shaped
that idea
that whiteness is symbol of goodness. Whiteness is
spread as a
something goodness and they believe that whiteness
gives them higher
position in society.
Internalized
racism woman just love their color , not love but deal
with their own
hang up about race.
4.
The So-called Dependency Complex of the colonized peoples
colonialism
produce an inferiority complex in the mind of the
black subject, who
then will try to appropriate and imitate the
culture of the
colonizer.
The
writer argues against Fanon's view that people of color have a
deep
desire for white rule, that those who oppose in to do not have
a
secure sense of self that they have a chip on their shoulder.
5.
The fact of Blackness
In
this chapter Fanon argues about his own fact of blackness and
his struggle he endured such the psychologically and racism.
Fanon
was a Martini cal psychiatrist but in the white society “He
is seen
not as Dr. Fanon but as black man”. In this racist society,
Fanon
argues black people “experience being though others”
“Dirty
nigger!” or simply, “Look, a Negro!”
- The condition of black people
- Highly educated
- Spiritual
- Knowledgeable
- Color of skin giving feeling of embarrassment
- Pathetic conditions of blacks.Fanon experience as black man in the white society feelsinferiority and says, “Always a Negro never a man”. Fanondescribe as a “real dialect between my body and world”.
6.
The Negro and Psychopathology
Why
should people fear black is a question asked here. Part it has
to do
with white men’s repressed homosexuality and their strange
hang-ups about black men’s penises more generally, black men
are viewed as bodies which makes them seem like mindless,
violent sexual,
animal beings. Add to that all the bad meanings
that the word “black”
had even before Europeans set foot in black
Africa
7.
The Negro and Recognition
In
this chapter he writes that how different style of white rules
shaped
black people in America and Martinique. Even we can
also prove the
post colonialism through these points.
- The idea of blackness
- The idea of identity
- Nation of desire
- The idea of Negritude
- The idea of darkness
- O-Other
- Black mulatto whiteness
8.
Way of conclusion
The
escaping the prison of one's past and one's race
“The Negro is not: Any more than the white man”. In Fanon's
words, his writing
“Exposes
on utterly naked declivity where an authentic upheaval can be born”.
Conclusion
:-
Fanon,
in the whole book, tries to be analytical without
attachment. He talk
about black man's desires to be white
psychological reasons. He never
became insulting for blacks and
also doesn't present hatred for white
people.
At
the conclusion of this study. I want the world to recognize, with
me,
the open door of every consciousness.
works cites : -
http://kishankubavat131416.blogspot.in/2015/10/a-critical-analysis-of-black-skin-white.html
http://www.slideshare.net/HiteshGalthariya/black-skin-white-mask-critical-overview-54535377
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